[]
1/0
Arch
What is an arch in architecture ?

The arch is a key architectural element, distinguished by its curved shape and its ability to support loads while creating openings. It has been used for thousands of years, and can be found in many cultures and architectural styles around the world. Its design is based on the principle of distributing forces, transferring the weight of the structure to its support points, known as abutments. This characteristic makes it a preferred choice for crossing spaces while retaining its solidity and aesthetic appeal.

The history of the arch

The arch revolutionised construction by offering an alternative to straight lintels, which were often limited by their fragility and limited span. Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek and, above all, Roman civilisations perfected its use in ancient times. The Romans, in particular, made great use of the potential of arches, notably in their aqueducts, bridges and amphitheatres, where they became symbols of innovation and durability.

Different types of arch

There are many different types of arch, depending on their form and use: the round arch, characteristic of Romanesque architecture; the pointed arch, emblematic of the Gothic style; or the basket-handle arch, typical of the Renaissance. Each type of arch responds to specific needs, whether to support massive structures or to create visual lightness in a building.

Beyond their structural function, arches also play a major aesthetic role. They add fluidity and elegance to architecture, guiding the eye and creating a play of light through the spaces they frame. They often symbolise entry or passage, as shown by the monumental arches and portals of many historic buildings.

Arches for our project in Togo

At ERHÉ Architecture, we had the opportunity to reinterpret the use of arches in a recent project in Togo. This project, set in a specific cultural and environmental context, highlights the versatility of this architectural element. The arches, integrated into the structure, not only support the loads, but also contribute to natural ventilation and the harmony of the building with its surroundings.

This project illustrates how traditional elements such as the arch can be adapted to modern needs while respecting local materials and know-how. Working with Togolese craftsmen, we explored the use of compressed earth bricks, an environmentally-friendly material, to create arches that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing.

The arch, a bridge between past and present, continues to inspire and transform contemporary architecture, offering innovative solutions for designing spaces that are both sustainable and full of meaning.